Whats Really Going on with Essay Topics 4th Grade

What's Really Going on with Essay Topics 4th Grade Persuasive essays are a fantastic method to encourage the reader to check at a particular topic in a different light. SATs ought to be eliminated. There shouldn't be any homework. Equality in Equations' is a completely free equation worksheet that needs children to analyze, comprehend and apply their comprehension of addition and subtraction abilities. Write an essay explaining what you are able to do to earn the money. If this is the case, you could have a great beginning to your expository essay. Ask questions and continue being involved! Teens need to be able to select their bedtime. To locate the poisonous bug, kids must first locate the answers to every one of the subtraction difficulties. What Essay Topics 4th Grade Is - and What it Is Not Faith gives us an awareness of belief. It's important to understand that essay topics are just basic ideas that leave you pondering a notion that might be a huge deal to somebody else. Last, be sure the topic you decide on can be supported by some factual evidence. Therefore, you can take a simple topic and surprise everyone with your wide means of thinking and your individual values. When you pick a cause and effect topic, it needs to be something that you either know well or are interested in knowing more about. Explain why you must wear distinctive clothes whenever the weather changes. The good thing is that it may be something pretty easy and opinionated (obviously), meaning you won't need to research a great deal of information. Skateboard helmets ought to be mandatory. From wide range of exciting math games and activities to challenging worksheets, kids have a great deal of choices when it has to do with practicing math. Snowboarding is an enjoyable activity and ought to be promoted by the schools. Students will perform a game in which they have to change direction quickly. They may need to research the topics in order to respond with sufficient depth and complexity. They will be assigned a number that has various factors and they will find partners with different factors that have the same product. They will think about how people affect the environment and what they can do to help it and prevent further damage. The Upside to Essay Topics 4th Grade School should occur in the evenings. Students will talk about the 7 principals of Kwanzaa and draw pictures of an illustration of each. They should be allowed to pray in school. They will create a visual reminder of some of the more common homophones. This lesson is designed to motivate students to develop into environmental superheroes. School tests aren't effective. Don't be worried about spelling or grammar. Things You Won't Like About Essay Topics 4th Grade and Things You Will Opt for the period of life which you think is best and compose an essay arguing why it's the very best time of life. Every family needs to have a all-natural disaster survival program. Persuade your sister or brother that will help you talk your parents into something you would like to do. A minumum of one parent should work at home. Although having the ability to write persuasively can look like a tough thing for children to learn, remind them that everyone has valid opinions. Our aim is to just write two days every week. My very best friend, Brian, lived across the road, and we'd learn more about the nearby woods. Leave yourself enough time to look at your paper to see whether you've covered the fundamentals.

European Travel and the Spread of Western Ideology Essay

European Travel and the Spread of Western Ideology Humans began their existence as travelers, slowly making their way across the earth hunting and gathering. This travel was quite slow and gradual, and could be termed a period of â€Å"human expansion†, as traveling groups rarely encountered other humans. It really wasn’t until the sixteenth century that a new kind of travel developed, a kind that was more global, occurred rapidly, and was filled with many encounters with other civilizations. This sort of travel signified not simply the spreading of humans across the earth, but more the spreading of ideas among people. And during this particular period, the travelers were predominantly European, and so it was Europeans who, believing in†¦show more content†¦The Europeans had a huge effect on the local peoples in the various regions that they visited. For one thing, they brought with them many germs. As Diamond noted, â€Å"the importance of lethal microbes in history is well illustrated by Europeans’ co nquest and depopulation of the New World† (210). The microbes killed Aztecs, Inca, and the populations of many Indian towns in the Mississippi. Additionally, â€Å"Eurasian germs played a key role in decimating native peoples in many other parts of the world, including Pacific Islanders, Aboriginal Australians, and the Khoisan peoples of Southern Africa†¦ the Indian population of Hispaniola†¦ Fiji† (Diamond, 213). Because of this, â€Å"European immigrants came to supplant†¦ much of the native population of the Americas and some other parts of the world.† (Diamond, 214). So, it came to be true that, if in nothing else, the Europeans certainly came to outnumber many of the native peoples in many of the areas that they occupied. This gave them added power over them, if only because of their larger numbers. However, it was not simply the germs that the Europeans brought with them that altered life for the native people. The technology that the Europeans had, while at first not superior, quickly became superior. â€Å"The Europeans rapidly improved upon [military technology naval artillery and sailing ships] before theShow MoreRelatedEuropean Nations And Its Impact On The United States947 Words   |  4 Pages European nations eager to enhance their wealth and power took the lead in the early 1800’s when Britain became the first to advance from an agrarian life style to an industry based economy. Britain was able to make the switch easier and quicker than other nations because they not only had the drive to do so, they also had a large labor force supported by an ample food supply, that worked in factories to make low cost goods from raw material that was shipped in on a transportation system. Using theirRead MoreAncient Islamic Worlds And The Medieval Period1434 Words   |  6 Pages In many of the civilizations that have ever controlled apart of the world, have done some kind of trading in their history. This trading could be man-made, food, spices, or even more idea ridden things like ideology, movements, and idealism s. Although the trading of the man made things are easier than the idealism that are trades, those idealism still can and has effected a lot of civilizations. In A ncient Islamic worlds, the Byzantium Empire, and even during the medieval timer period they allRead More Violence, Terrorism, and the Interactions between Cultures Essay1524 Words   |  7 Pagesoccurs. All of these factors have shaped the course of history. While much of the spread of disease has been reduced since the Black Death, much bloodshed still comes from the interaction of cultures, possibly from physical contact without intellectual or rational interaction and understanding. Interaction itself is necessary and does result in good as well, especially in terms of technological advancements. The spread of disease is possibly one of the most dramatic results of interactions betweenRead MoreEssay on The True Meaning Of A Religion1635 Words   |  7 Pagespresent at birth. Other would say there is no doubt religion is socially constructed and subconsciously learned plus spread through peers, family or close ones, strongly impacting societies and cultures. Some sort of hidden objective or purpose whether is it political, spiritual or other, motivates the creation of a religion through a designated individual, claimed to be here to spread the word, send a message to members of society and make changes or corrections in the name of faith. Often, we witnessRead MoreThe Origin Of The Dominican Republic Essay912 Words   |  4 Pageslabor, new diseases introduced from European and suicide (Guest). The Spanish began to import African slaves in 1520. This make Hispaniola the first colony anywhere in the region to import slaves to work the sugar plantations. It was for this reason, Torres-Saillant formulated the perception that the Dominican Republic is â€Å"cradle of blackness in the Americas.† As is well known in modern times Hispaniola id divided; the France took and governed Haiti the western third of the island, until they wereRead MoreThe True Meaning of a Religion1675 Words   |  7 Pagespresent at birth. Other would say there is no doubt religion is socially constructed and subconsciously learned plus spread through peers, family or close ones, strongly impacting societies and cultures. Some sort of hidden objective or purpose whether is it political, spiritual or other, motivates the creation of a religion through a designated individual, claimed to be here to spread the word, send a message to members of society and make changes or corrections in the name of faith. Often, we witnessRead MoreMarco Polo Comparison Essay1546 Words   |  7 PagesThe prolific writings of both Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta give accounts of early world travel and exploration during the middle ages, these two explorers’ managed to travel the length of the Eurasian empire, while creating written accounts of their adventure. When comparing these two individual writings on their travels and perception of cultures, religion and trade also their reasons for travel it is imperative that we acknowledge that these two individuals came from very different back rounds PoloRead MoreThe European Fever Of Colonial Aspiration1492 Words   |  6 PagesThe European fever of colonial aspiration, as Andrea White in â€Å"Conrad and Imperialism† suggests, is a very common motivation in the mid of the nineteenth century to carve up the non-European landscapes (White, 1996: 180). It was a period of ‘high colonialism’, frantic incentives for expansion, an d sharing colonial territories. (GoGwilt, 2010: 138). It was the age where the Europeans were imperialising the weak peoples to construct their Empires. It is worth mentioning that, these Empires were oftenRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Rome And China1251 Words   |  6 Pagesideas presented on the judicial system during this time in the Roman Empire are still in use today. In fact the legal text, â€Å"Codex of the Emperor Justinian, became the basis for the legal codes of the Catholic church and even some western states/nations. Another ideology that changed the culture in Rome was the rise of Christianity. Christianity began as the teachings of a tiny sect in the Near East, and perhaps would have never expanded to become the religion it is today if it weren’t for the RomanRead MoreEvolution of Terrorism since the Attacks of 20011218 Words   |  5 Pagesscale attacks, alongside with its pursuit of the spectacular, having the aim of creating a successful attack, regardless its size. Al Qaeda evolved in the practice to use the operatives, having the legal access to the United States and some of the Western nations to make their countries of origin the main target. An example of it is an attack on the New York City subway in 2009. Al Qaeda involved a legal permanent resident of the United States, Najibullah Zazi, to be the main operator in the attack

Essay about Adolf Hitler - 2000 Words

Adolf Hitler did not live a very long life, but during his time he caused such a great deal of death and destruction that his actions still have an effect on the world nearly 50 years later. People ask what couldve happen to this small sickly boy during his childhood that wouldve led him do such horrible things? For Adolf it might have been society, rejection from his father, failure as an artist or was he born to hate?Adolf was born in Braunau, Austria in 1889. His father, Alois was a minor customs official, and his mother was a peasant girl. Adolf attended elementary school for four years and entered secondary school at the age of eleven. Adolfs dreams of becoming an artist did not match the government official job his father wanted†¦show more content†¦I grew sick to the stomach, I began to hate them. I became anti-Semitic.(1) In the spring of 1913 Hitler left for Munich, Germany at the age of 24. He left Vienna to get away from the mixture of races and to escape the mili tary that he had to serve in with Jews.The First World War in 1914 was Hitlers chance to let go of his frustrating childhood. Hitler proved to be a brave soldier and was wounded twice and decorated twice for bravery with the Iron Cross. Hitler, like many other Germans didnt believe they were defeated by Great Britain and the U.S. in 1918. They thought they had been stabbed in the back by the Jewish slackers. After the war Hitler found himself unemployed once again and began looking for a place in politics because he felt he could do something for the country. Shortly after Hitler returned to the army and was assigned to spy on political parties which the generals thought were communist, socialist, or pacifists. Hitler was ordered to investigate a small political group called the German Workers party. The next day he received an invitation to join the group. He decided after two days of questioning himself that he should join. After enrolling, Hitler later made it the largest political party in Germany, and became known as the Nazi Party. In 1921, the two years after he joined the party, he became the Fuhrer which is the leader of the Nazi Party. By 1923, Hitler believed he was strongShow MoreRelatedAdolf Hitler 794 Words   |  4 Pageshorrible attempt to annihilate certain races and religions was all brought upon by one man, Adolf Hitler. Adolf Hitler took power in 1833 and immediately started his plan to exterminate the Jews. Hitler had the Nazi party behind him and eventually thousands of soldiers to help him invade the many countries for living Jews. He held rallies where he had speeches to his followers and had what is called the Hitler Youth Movement that teaches the youth on what only the Nazi’s racial and political influenceRead MoreAdolf Hitler1820 Words   |  8 PagesAdolf Hitler â€Å"The one who does not remember history is bound to live through it again† –George Santayana Adolf Hitler is known for having the greatest impact on Europe in all of history, especially Germany. Although the majority of people look down on him for his mass murder of about 6 million Jews in a short time period, his story of influence on a whole country is incredible. He started out as a boy from a little town in Austria with nothing more than a paintbrush and a dream; a dream to becomeRead MoreEssay on Adolf Hitler1412 Words   |  6 PagesAdolf Hitler â€Å"Germany will either be a world power or will not be at all.† (Hitler 137) Hitler was driven by his hunger for power, causing the death of millions of innocent people. No one could have known the dramatic effect this man would soon have on the world. Adolf Hitler’s life began in Austria on April 20, 1889. Born at the Braunqu-am-inn. Hitler had four siblings Gustav Hitler, Ida Hitler, Paula Hitler, and Edmund Hitler. Gustav and Ida Hitler died in their infancy, while his brotherRead More Adolf Hitler Essay1353 Words   |  6 PagesAdolf Hitler When most people think of Adolf Hitler, they think of a cruel person who killed many innocent Jews. The majority of people do not think of Hitler as the type of guy who would write plays and librettos for operas. Let alone do they think of him as the type of person who loved to read Westerns and play cowboys and Indians as a kid. Was Adolf Hitler a bad leader? Was there a side of Adolf Hitler that the world did not see? Hitler’s life impacted the world in many waysRead MoreThe Rise Of Adolf Hitler1457 Words   |  6 Pagespeople who have elected them. The rise of Dictator Adolf Hitler to supreme power in Nazi Germany would prove to be an event in history that was totally inexplicable in any terms. He was an adventurer who desired to conquer the German people and dominate the entire world, reshaping it accordingly to his desires and pleasures. The evidence of his pestiferous acrimony is all around us, making it quite difficult to believe he did it all on his own. Hitler is one who emerges from obscurity to shake the worldRead MoreAdolf Hitler Essay12 77 Words   |  6 PagesAdolf Hitler 1889 - 1920 Adolf Hitler was born on April 20th 1889 in the small Austrian village of Braunau Am Inn. Hitler would one day lead a movement which would leave its mark in history. To understand him better, we must study his early life and roots. Family Information ================== Hitlers father, Alois was born in 1837. He was the son of Maria Anna Schicklgruber whose mate was unknown, but could have been Jewish. When Alois HitlerRead MoreAdolf Hitler Essay827 Words   |  4 PagesAdolf Hitler was one of the most feared and cruel men in world history, but how did he come to power? Hitler was one out of a few men to be feared by thousands of people. Hilter was responsible for killing millions of innocent people, mostly of the Jewish religion. He was the chancellor of Germany for 12 years and the leader of the Nazi party. He was a very important person in history, most notably during World War II. When Hitler was young he moved to a town named Vienna, this is where he acquiredRead MoreAdolf Hitler Essays1302 Words   |  6 PagesAdolf Hitler Hitler. The name says it all. He is said to be the incarnation of absolute evil. The devil himself. There have many dictators in the twentieth century that were considered harsh dictators; Mussolini,Stalin, Saddam Hussein, but no one like Adolf Hitler. Hitler’s rule over Germany had a major impact on history and the entire world. Adolf Hitler held the most powerful and cruelest dictatorship of the 20th century. Adolf Hitler was born April 20, 1889 in the small Austrian villageRead MoreEssay on Adolf Hitler1159 Words   |  5 PagesAdolf Hitler Adolf Hitler was born to Alois and Klara Hitler on April 20th, 1889. His childhood was unhappy, but not totally miserable. His father wanted him to be a civil servant, but Adolf wanted to become a painter. Hitler did well in Elementary school, but later on he failed miserably, which he blamed his teachers for. His father died in 1903, and Adolf dropped out of school two years later. In Mein Kampf (My Struggle), the autobiography Hitler dictated while in Landsberg prison in 1924Read MoreThe Impacts of Adolf Hitler1199 Words   |  5 PagesWhat impacts did Hitler have at the time and later in history? The start of World War II was one of the biggest impacts. There were many countries involved in this war. The major countries under the allies were Britain, France, U.S., Soviet Union, and under the axis also had major countries like the Germany, japan, and Italy. The Germany was at its peak. And it was all because of one man, Adolf Hitler, he was one of the most dominant German le aders in history, no doubt about that. Other great leaders

Should A Simple Trip At The Grocery Store Require...

Should a simple trip to the grocery store require investigative journalism? Big soda brands like Coca-Cola, Pepsi, and Dr. Pepper seem to think so, as finding out what goes on behind closed doors -- and inside sealed bottles -- takes research, not to mention awareness of the fact that the soda industry is even doing anything wrong. The companies behind these products are just that -- companies. Profits and income are of the utmost importance to them. They will do anything to maintain their massive hold on the consumers of America. Soft drinks are unhealthy products which lead to a myriad of health problems, and the companies behind these sugary drinks often act in unethical ways, solely to influence consumers and increase their profits. Big name brands such as Coca-Cola, Pepsi, and Dr. Pepper have both the means and the motivation to skew evidence and conceal facts, all in the name of maintaining their empires. When a â€Å"threat† to that empire emerged, for example, a recent proposed tax on soft drink beverages, the industry rose up collectively in order to oppose the tax.defeat it. This included sizable donations to key politicians, arguably a factor as to why the tax was indeed denied (Sanger-Katz, 1). This blatant usage of coercion highlights the way in which the soda industry wields its power and money to influence politics and get its way. Additionally, Coca-Cola, one of the biggest soft drink beverage brands in the world, paid dietitians and fitness experts to suggestShow MoreRelatedAn Evaluation of an on-Farm Food Safety Program for Ontario Greenhouse Vegetable Producers; a Global Blueprint for Fruit and Vegetable Producers51659 Words   |  207 Pagescreate a template to be used in similar extensi on activities. Acknowledgements For the past four years of my life, food safety conversations followed me wherever I go. I ve discussed it at the dinner table with family at Thanksgiving; on a road trip to Atlantic City with friends; at a bar following a pick-up hockey game; and even on the golf course. Produce-related outbreaks; BSE; how to cook a turkey; GE food production policy; and how often Emeril washes his hands have all come up. This is

Comparing Elizabeth Bennet and Charlotte Lucas in Pride...

The intent of this essay is to compare and contrast the characters of Elizabeth Bennet and Charlotte Lucas. The main points that will be compared and contrasted include the relative beauty, age and the characters of Elizabeth Bennet and Charlotte Lucas. The similarities and differences in their families, position in society and their wealth, their differing attitudes to marriage, and finally, who has the better deal and why, will also be discussed. By the end of this essay, the reader will be able to discern the differences and similarities in both Elizabeth and Charlotte. The physical appearance of Elizabeth Bennet is quite often referred to as pretty by many people. The first mentioning of her beauty is by Mr. Bingley , but she is†¦show more content†¦The families of Elizabeth and Charlotte play a very important part in their lives, and in the prospect of their future companions. Elizabeth’s family are more prone to exposing themselves and being ridiculous , and it is partly down to her family that Mr. Darcy is so adamant on Mr. Bingley not marrying her sister Jane. However, unlike her family, Elizabeth is socially graceful, sensitive and conscious of her appearance in the eyes of others. This leads to her acute awareness of the social failing of some members of her family, particularly her mother and youngest sister. Elizabeth’s father is more sensible than her mother and is described as ‘so odd a mixture of quick arts, sarcastic humour, reserve and caprice’ . Her mother however is not so difficult to work out, she is ‘a woman of mean understanding, little information and uncertain temper’ , and the business of her life is to get her daughters married3. Charlotte’s mother, Lady Lucas, is not much different from Mrs. Bennet. She described as being ‘a very good kind of woman4’, and like Mrs. Bennet she was also set on getting her daughters married . Charlotte’s father is Sir William Lucas, and he is a very pleasant man known for his civil manners . Another aspect of Elizabeth and Charlotte is their position in society, which is rather different and this is partly down to their wealth. Elizabeth’s wealth is greater than that of the Lucas family. Mrs. Bennet often likes to point out that theyShow MoreRelatedJane Austen s Pride And Prejudice1005 Words   |  5 PagesPride and Prejudice is a novel written by Jane Austen that emphasizes several different themes. One theme that especially stood out was the idea of how love is more important than wealth and status. In the nineteenth century people married for wealth, status, and comfort. Women did not care if they were happy or married the man of their dreams as long as they had someone to support them. They did not marry for love and it was very rare to find a married couple who was really in love. Jane AustenRead MoreJane Austen s The 19th Century Society1447 Words   |  6 Pagesat the parental influences around Elizabeth, the driving forces in her formative years, we can see that they are an antithesis of each other with her mother obsessed with having her daughters married and her father very much disinterested in the marital affairs of his daughters. Her mother is a very static character in which we cannot read much into. Deeply rooted in every of her actions is the intention of having her daughters married. On the other hand, Mr. Bennet is a father who is, for the mostRead MoreMarriage Proposals in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice Essay1128 Words   |  5 PagesMarriage Proposals in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice Romance Versus Security. It is universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. These are the words of Jane Austen, and like many people of her time, she believed very much in the importance of finding a wealthy husband for young women. Jane Austens novel reflects the importance of marriage to many people around 1775. Although events such as theRead MorePride and Prejudice and Letters to Alice on First Reading Jane Austen.1574 Words   |  7 Pages‘A deeper understanding of relationships and identity emerges from pursuing the connections between Pride and Prejudice and Letters to Alice on First Reading Jane Austen.’ Compare how these texts explore relationships identity. Through the contextualisation of texts, connections can be made which reinforce or challenge responder’s perspectives on universal values. Universal truths carry meaning which are able to transcend changes in social, cultural and historical context in order to continue influencingRead MoreJane Austen s Proposal With Mr. Collins1607 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and contrast Mr. Collins’ proposal with Mr. Darcy’s first proposal, exploring the ways in which Austen enhances our understanding of the two characters and what they represent. During the course of Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice (1813) The protagonist Elizabeth Bennet receives two marriage proposals from her cousin Mr. Collins and the prideful gentleman Mr. Darcy. Both proposals serve as commentary on view regarding marriage from the Regency era, with Collin’s methodical and satiricallyRead More Womens Rights in Pride and Prejudice Persuasion by Jane Austen5483 Words   |  22 Pagesâ€Å"Are women allowed to say No†, in Pride and Prejudice / Persuasion by Jane Austen Pride and Prejudice (whose original title was First Impressions) was written in 1796-1797 when Jane Austen was 21 years old and first published in 1813. It tells us the story of Elizabeth Bennet and Mr Darcy, who will overcome the pride and prejudice they feel towards each other to find mutual happiness. Persuasion was written between 1815 and 1816. The main character, Anne Elliot, has suffered unhappiness afterRead More Comparing Marriage Proposals from Mr. Collins and Mr. Darcy from Pride and Prejudice2623 Words   |  11 PagesComparing Marriage Proposals from Mr. Collins and Mr. Darcy from Pride and Prejudice The story of Pride and Prejudice revolves around a mother of five daughters, Mrs. Bennet, whose sole purpose is to marry off her daughters to suitable men. Jane is the eldest out of the Bennet sisters. Jane is the closest to Elizabeth from the rest of her sisters, this is because they stand on similar maturity levels, and Elizabeth is the second oldest. The main theme of the novel is based on the importance

Islam Essay - 628 Words

The law, defined as the body of rules and principles governing the affairs of a community and enforced by a political authority, is an important facet of any community. It provides guidelines for those in the community to follow so that they may have the most peaceful and problem- free life. Islam takes this notion of peace and obedience and applies to everyday living for the members of its community. Islam law is of great importance to the Muslim community because it provides specific courses of action for living and also supplies mechanisms for considering how to deal with situations that are not discussed in the law. Islam law covers all aspects of life; it has its own personal, moral, civil, ethical, societal, and criminal law. All†¦show more content†¦This term represents Muhammad’s actually carrying-out of the principles set forth in the Quran. This source can be looked at as â€Å"the Quaran in Action.† Where the Quran is general, the Sunnah is particula r and detailed. The Quran is at times vague, the Sunnah makes its principles clear and unambiguous. The Sunnah explains what is meant by the Quran and provides conceptual ways to incorporate the principles of the Quran. The next two sources of Islamic law are dependent upon the aforementioned sources, the Quran and the Sunnah. They gain their authority from the Quran and Sunna. First is the idea of consensus. A consensus is an agreement among a group of people about a specific subject, namely, in this context, the agreement of Muslims about the doctrine and belief of Allah and his teachings. When faced with novel or peculiar situations for which there were no resolutions to be found in the Quaran or Sunnah, leaders of the Muslim community would try to come to some agreement about how to deal with the situations; consensus came to be the chief way of dealing with the issue. Finally, there is the notion of analogy in interpreting the law. This also comes into play when there is no set resolution found in the Quran or Sunnah for a novel problem. Through analogical deduction based on the stipulations set forth in the two primary sources of Islamic law, the Quran and Sunnah, decisions can be made. Islam is a prime example of how a community should beShow MoreRelatedThe Islam Of Islam And Islam1398 Words   |  6 Pagesreligion of Islam today, there is a general that women are considered to be oppressed and deprived from becoming successful and powerful women. There is a claim within the Muslim community that Islam helped to elevate the status of woman with the creation of the religion in 610 A.D. The Muslim woman in Islam, specifically the married Muslim woman is not protected in Islam through the Quran. They are not considered to be of equal status of their male counterparts.. Many people in Islam believeRead MoreIslam : Islam And Islam869 Words   |  4 PagesIslam is a religion that developed in Arabia in the 7th century C.E. Islam was founded on the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. Islam belief centers on the premise that Allah is the one and true God with no partner or equal. Islam is divided into several branches each with its own interpretations. Founder Followers: Muhammad is considered the founder of the Islam faith. He was born around 571 CE in Mecca, in what is today Saudi Arabia. Much of what we know about him comes from his sermons andRead MoreThe Arrival Of Islam And Islam952 Words   |  4 PagesThe arrival of Islam brought many changes to Arabian life and society as it then existed. One of these changes was among the treatment of women and their place in society. Before the coming of Islam in the 7th century, women were thought to be inferior servants to men. The arrival of Islam throughout Arabia opened many opportunities for women that allowed them more rights and more influence on the basis of equality. The arrival of Islam is what was crucial for women to be seen as human beings. WomenRead MoreChristianity And Islam : Islam1317 Words   |  6 PagesChristianity and Islam in Premodern Africa Christianity and Islam date back to a time long before the modern era and both have sizable similarities between the two religions. Many of these similarities can be simplified into three subjects; both have books comprised of holy texts written about events taking place during their prophet’s life, both are believed to have started with God appointed leaders, and both consist of different divisions within their religion. Christianity starting with theRead MoreThe Birth Of Islam And Islam1129 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: The birth of Islam published liberal and humanistic origin of Islam in east Bengal. But later this Islam turn into political Islam due to three reasons the emergence of religious based Pakistan state, failure of punished the war criminals and the declaration of Islam as the state religion in replaced of secularism (8th amendment 1988). The failure of the state to provide basic need to the people, increasing violence in Economy and political sector gro wing discrimination in society,Read MoreThe History Of Islam And Islam1247 Words   |  5 PagesThe History of Islam Islam is a religion that was founded in 622 C.E. Its origin is traced to the Arabian Peninsula, and currently has an estimated 1.5 billion followers’ worldwide. The sacred texts that are associated with Islam is the Qur’an and Allah is the Deity they pay homage to. Muslims believe that there is only one true God and several time per day, they stop everything to participate in prayer rituals. The region, in which Islam was founded, was a melting pot of religious beliefs. ThereRead MoreThe Religion Of Islam And Islam1544 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"America and Islam are not exclusive and need not to be in competition. Instead, they overlap, and share common principles of justice and progress, tolerance and the dignity of all human beings† (Barack Obama). For many decades, in most cultures, religious practice has been a controversial issue, because each religion competes demonstrating that their practices are the true path to God. Religious tolerance is very importa nt because followers should be free to choose their own religion. Some religionsRead MoreThe Meaning Of Islam And Islam1047 Words   |  5 PagesThe meaning of Islam is submission to one God. The central point or belief in Islam is to believe in the existence of only one God or Allah. The religion revolves around this one belief known as tawhid. This idea occurs in other religions such as Judaism and Christianity. All of these authentic religions speak of the same God as Islam is the reassertion of the revelation of God to Abraham, Noah and Christ. Islam considers these great figures as prophets and they are included in the Quran, the holyRead MoreIslam : The Rise Of Islam1335 Words   |  6 PagesSimilar to the religion of Christianity, Islam is difficult to generalize. When one brings up the word in conversation, they could be speaking of the religion and its systematic belief system or they could simply be talking about the approximately one and a half billion people who have f lourished and who currently live under the influence of said religion. Extending from Indonesia to Morocco and from Kazakhstan to Senegal, the ideals and mission of Islam were created in the seventh century underRead MoreChristianity And Islam : Islam937 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM.† Christianity and Islam are the two largest religions in the world, with over 2 billion Christian, and 1.5 billion Muslim followers. Christianity was founded by Jesus Christ approximately 2000 years ago in Palestine. Bible is collection of 66 books containing a message from God. The Muslim name for God is Allah. Islam is based on revelations received by the prophet Mohammad and originated in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Quran, is the Islamic sacred text. Both are monotheistic

Essay on Importance of Relationships - 697 Words

Every relationship has its complications and everyone tries their best to make it work. But if a relationship has to break, then nothing in the world can stop it, but people try their best to save it. If a relationship was meant to be, then people should be lucky to have that person in their life. In relationships, people assume that there’s only the romantic type of relationships. However, being in a relationship can also mean being in family relationships with some degree on kinship through blood, marriage, or adoption. Friendships are strengthened when friends regard each other with affection, trust, and respect. Casual relationships exist in everyday encounters with people but all relationships start off casual. With romantic†¦show more content†¦The problem is the lack of openness that grows and usually ruins people’s relationships. William Shakespeare, an English poet and play writer had quoted that â€Å"honesty is the best policy. If I lose my honor, I lose myself.† He meant that being honest is important either with you or other people because they’re real people, not images. When someone tells a lie, even a little white lie, you’re not expressing who you but rather a false impression of yourself. So telling the truth and not lying about you or to other people, makes it easier to have relationships and also keeping them. Being honest means being straight- forward even though it might hurt their feelings and not lying to anyone, even if it is a white lie your being dishonest to people. No one should be lied to even though being honest can be the hardest thing to do. But it gets easier to open up when you know them well. Communication and relationships are inseparably connected because it involves interacting. â€Å"We have two ears and one mouth so that we can listen twice as much as we speak.† Epictetus, a Greek Philosopher meant that people need to take the time to genuinely listen with their ears rather than to just pretend to listen and not care. They have to find a way to be honest and express their feelings without lying because it ruins the openness and authenticity that people value in their close relationships, soShow MoreRelatedRelationships and the Importance of Communication1570 Words   |  7 Pagescommunication SaskBusiness 29.2 (March 2008): p.29(1). (822 words) From General OneFile. Walking on eggshells: How expressing relationship insecurities perpetuates them. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol 95(2), Aug 2008. pp. 420-441 Thesis Statement: The success of any relationship relies on ones ability to communicate well. 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Introduction and Client Care Issues Free Essays

string(55) " may find themselves personally liable for any losses\." Introduction Charlotte Ann Ltd (CA) has two directors (A and B) both of whom are now seeking advice on several different issues in relation to CA, as well as a wholly-owned subsidiary CA Finance which is going into insolvency. Firstly, and prior to identifying key issue and the legal rules that will apply, it is necessary to consider the basic client care factors, to ensure that instructions are being received from an authorised party; in particular, consideration needs to be given as to whether or not advice is being given to the individual directors, or whether the advice is being sought on behalf of the company. On the face of it, it may seem to be all the same entity, but there are potential distinctions, particularly given the fact that one of the key issues to be discussed is directors’ duties towards the company. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction and Client Care Issues or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is noted that for a considerable period that Ebenezer was also a director of the company and, although he has now left as a director, this does not exonerate him from any breaches that he may have undertaken, during his time as director. It may be that an agreement was entered into when Ebenezer left as a director and as this has not been presented here, it is assumed that no such contract exists and therefore the advice being provided will be on the basis that no such contract does, in fact, exist. The advice here is broadly split into two areas, the first looking at directors’ duties and, in particular, the impact of Ebenezer’s behaviour; the second part looks at the insolvency of the subsidiary and related issues. Directors Duties Owed by E to the Company All three directors A, B and E (although E is not a current director) are required to comply with the statutory directors’ duties, as established and codified by the Companies Act 2006, sections 170 – 180. These will be looked at, first, before applying them to the situation in relation to E and his contact with a long-standing customer, Gurdip (G), and the relationship that emerged between E and Robert with the company accounting practices, as well as an analysis of the situation and any impact that this now has on A and B, based on any duty or liability that they may have to the company. In accordance with section 171, directors are required to act within their powers and are only allowed to act within the boundaries of the company’s constitution. Secondly, in accordance with section 172, directors are under a duty to promote the â€Å"success of the company the benefit of its members†. This requires the directors to ensure that the decisions they make are done in such a way that it benefits the company, in the long run. Furthermore, the directors are required to ensure that they act fairly between the members[1]. Section 173 requires each director to exercise independent judgement; however, it should be noted that the duty will not be breached, if some form of agreement has been entered into between the directors in total freedom but does have the effect of meaning they not each director is acting with independent judgement, at all times. Crucially, section 174 states that directors are required at all times to exercise reasonable skill, care and diligence, with the level of skill that would be expected of another individual with a similar level of knowledge, as well as a general level of care that would generally be expected to be shown by a director in a similar position. Broadly speaking, the way in which reasonable skill, care and diligence is expected to be shown is the same as the approach taken in section 214 of the Insolvency Act 1986. The leading and relevant case in this regard is that of Re City Equitable Fire Insurance[2], where it was stated that there are three propositions that would apply when ascertaining the level of skill and care which are expected to be shown by the director. Firstly, it is accepted that the director would not be expected to show a level of skill and care above that which his own level of knowledge suggests would be appropriate. Secondly, there is no requirement on the director to give continuous attention to the situation within the company and there is an expectation that the directors may look away from the company for periods of time. Thirdly, when it comes to exercising their duty, it is acceptable for the director to pass some of their responsibilities on to third parties, provided the selection of the third party is done with reasonable skill and care[3]. Section 175 states that each director must avoid conflicts of interest, and furthermore that they must inform their fellow directors of any possible conflict, before the transaction, or as soon as is reasonably practicable in relation to a particular transaction, if there is going to be a potential conflict of interest. Fellow directors are able to authorise this conflict, provided they are fully informed of the situation. Finally, section 176 states that a director is not able to accept benefit from third parties. Making a secret profit is prohibited, if the profit is being made by virtue of his position as director[4]. It is noted, however, that no breach will arise, if they could not reasonably be expected that accepting the benefit would result in a conflict-of-interest, i.e. if the situation was of no interest to the company[5]. The consequence of a breach is also relevant to the discussion, here. Although the 2006 Act does not specifically state the remedies that are available, there is now a procedure in place allowing for derivative action to be taken by the shareholders on behalf of the company, in the event that it remains the case that a director in breach of duty would be required to account for profits to the company and may find themselves personally liable for any losses. You read "Introduction and Client Care Issues" in category "Essay examples" E’s Arrangement with G – Breach of Duty? Bearing in mind the situation here and the fact that E entered into a transaction with G which provided him with a profit during his time as a director, it is suggested that E has undertaken several activities that would be in breach of his director’s duties. As noted above, it would be necessary to ensure that no contract has been entered into when he left as a director, which would remove him from responsibility for the action that he undertook while acting as a director. On the assumption that no such agreement exists, E would remain responsible for the activities when he was the director of the company. However, by entering into a contract with G which enabled him to make substantial personal profit, it could be argued by E that, as the transaction involves petrol cars, the transaction would be of no interest to the company and the discount provided to the customer was no greater as a result of the transaction, meaning that the company had not, in fact, lost out at all. De spite this, there is sufficient suggestion that having this underlying contract with G would ultimately result in a conflict of interest that should be declared. Failure to declare this would require E to account for any profit that he had made to the company, and the actions of the other two directors, namely A and B could enforce on behalf of the company[6]. Ebeneezer and Robert – Breach of Duty? Several financial errors were made as a result of the activities of Robert who was employed as the individual in charge of the accounts. This raises the question of whether or not it was reasonable for A and B to relinquish responsibility to E, in order to oversee the work of Robert and, if so, whether he could be held responsible for the errors that have taken place. This issues deals with the area of reasonable skill and care. As noted by Section 174, it is not required for the directors to give continuous attention and it is acceptable to allow third parties to take on board some of the tasks, provided the selection of the third party is done with sufficient skill and care. It is suggested, based on the interpretation of Section 174, that it was acceptable for A and B to allow E to oversee all aspects of the accounts of the business and this would potentially render E liable for the errors that have taken place. Further information would be required in order to understand whether or not he had acted reasonably in accepting Robert’s position and whether a director with a similar level of skill and care would have taken a more proactive approach or would have selected a different third party. On balance, it is suggested that E has erred in failing to oversee Robert appropriately and simply signing off the accounts, without investigating these further as would be reasonably expected of a director in his position. This again could result in E being personally responsible to the company for the losses as a result of Robert’s failures, and E’s inability to deal with this and to act appropriately. Insolvency Process The subsidiary company, CA Finance is now deemed to be insolvent and although A was the sole director, B was also involved in the management of the company and could potentially be considered to be acting as a shadow director, as he was giving instruction. This is because, if he were a director in accordance with section 251 of the 2006 Act, this would potentially render either A or B liable for any mismanagement during the insolvency process, which is largely governed by the 1986 Act. Compulsory liquidation takes place in accordance with section 122 of the 1986 Act and can be initiated by a creditor who is owed ?750 or more. In this case, a liquidator has been appointed, as they have reasonably wide discretion to manage the liquidation and to commence action against the directors, if they have acted in an incorrect manner. As soon as the official receiver takes over the director’s appointments are terminated[7]. In accordance with section 132, the official receiver is required to investigate the reason why the company had become insolvent and the activities of the company, prior to insolvency. One particular issue that the official receiver may deal with in the context of the facts presented here is that the directors have transferred many of the assets of the failing company into the parent company, immediately prior to the insolvency of the subsidiary company. Although there is some factual debate as to whether or not the directors understood the transfer of these assets would result in insolvency, nonetheless it could be argued that this was undertaken in contemplation of insolvency and would potentially be clawed back by the official receiver, on behalf of the creditors of the company. There are several headings under which the official receiver could potentially claw back money that has left the failing company, prior to insolvency. These include, transaction at undervalue, preference to certain creditors, extortionate credit transactions, the avoidance of floating charges, transaction that are aimed at defrauding creditors, misfeasance and either fraudulent or wrongful trading. In accordance with section 423, where the aim of the transaction was to put assets beyond the reach of the creditors, this could be considered to be a transaction that was aimed at defrauding the creditors and this would involve an analysis of the overall situation and whether or not this was the underlying purpose of such a transaction. Where it is deemed to be the case, the transaction could be reversed and the assets returned to the failing company, in order to be diverted amongst the creditors. Claim by F Against CA It is also noted that Fozia (F) has suffered a personal injury and wishes to take an action against the company that is now insolvent. The question, therefore, arises as to whether or not it is possible to bring such an action against an insolvent defendant, or whether there is some other forms of recompense available to F. In order for F to bring an action against the insolvent company, it would require permission from the court[8]. Historically, however, it is accepted that the courts will generally allow such an action to be commenced and this will then allow F to become a creditor of the company for the amounts owed to him. A question arises, therefore, as to whether the parent company can be held responsible for the debts of the subsidiary. It may be possible for a creditor such as F or any other creditor to attempt to pierce the corporate veil and to look through the arrangements within the subsidiary to make a claim against the parent company. In order to determine whether this will be appropriate in this particular situation, the facts relating to the activities of the two companies prior to insolvency will need to be ascertained, including whether the assets were transferred at net book value and how much control the parent company actually had over the subsidiary. More information needs to be provided, in order to ascertain whether the assets were transferred of out of the business as part of the restructuring and whether this was done in a way that could be deemed to be a means of removing the assets from the grasp of the creditors. It would therefore be appropriate to lift the corporate veil and make the parent company responsible and may indeed allow for the claw back of the transaction by the official receiver[9]. Furthermore, concerns in relation to the claim by F need to be looked at in a similar context, in order to ascertain how much control the parent company had over the insolvent subsidiary, as to whether it would be appropriate to attach a claim to the parent company, or whether F would be simply viewed as another potential creditor against the assets of the company, which may be greater once the assets have been clawed back. Factors that might indicate that the corporate veil should indeed be pierced include the directorship between the two companies and therefore the relatively strong indications suggest that the parent company would, in this case, be deemed to be responsible for the actions of the subsidiary and may therefore be called upon to meet with the debts of the company. Group Restructure – Potential Insolvency Issues Bearing in mind the previous analysis, it is suggested that the restructure undertaken by the subsidiary company immediately prior to insolvency would be subject to being reversed by the official receiver, as there is indication that this transaction was undertaken in order to defraud the creditors. The directors themselves may be liable for their own activities relating to the insolvent company, if it could be shown that they have acted in misfeasance, in accordance with section 212 of the Insolvency Act 1986. It is suggested here that both A and B could be liable, as they were acting in the capacity of directors, albeit one as a shadow director[10]. In order for them to be individually liable under section 212 and for the individual to be liable to repay towards the assets of the company, it will be necessary to show they were culpable in some way for the insolvency of the company; therefore, more evidence would need to be obtained as to how the decisions were made in the immediate run-up to the insolvency of the company[11]. On balance, it is likely that the assets will be returned to the insolvent company, in order to pay off the debts owed to the creditors, as it can potentially be shown that the transaction undertaken was a means of removing the assets from the grasp of the creditors. If there was evidence that the assets were transferred at net book value, it may be possible for the company to argue that the claw back should not take place. Furthermore, it is also argued that F would be likely to be able to bring an action against the insolvent company, provided he obtained the necessary court permission. It is also necessary to consider whether the corporate veil should be pierced and an action commenced against the parent company. This will depend on the facts of the case and whether or not it is reasonable to allow for the corporate veil to be pierced in this way, based on the true nature of how the company is organised and the level of control exercised by the parent company. Overall Conclusions It is concluded, overall, that A and B would be able to bring an action on behalf of CA against E as a director (albeit now a retired director) for his breaches of duty in relation to both his failure to declare a conflict-of-interest and a personal profit in relation to the transaction with G and also the failure to oversee the work of Robert in producing the accounts. It would be possible to claim that he should account for the profit and the money paid back into the company. Secondly, the insolvency of the subsidiary company is likely to result in the assets that were transferred out in order to remove then from the creditors being clawed back by the official receiver. Furthermore, the action being commenced by F (which will require the permission of the court) is likely to be attached to the parent company, as the corporate veil should be lifted, due to the fact that the parent company held so much power over the subsidiary company and had commonality of directors. References Belmond Finance Corporation v Williams Furniture Ltd [1980] 1 All ER 393 Companies Act 2006 Ellis, J and Slorach, J (2007) Business Law, Oxford University Press Industrial Development Consultants v Cooley [1972] 1 All ER 162 Insolvency Act 1986 Island Export Finance v Umunna [1986] BCLC 460 McLaughlin, S (2013) Unlocking Company Law, Taylor Francis p.302 Measures Brothers Ltd v Measures [1910] 2 Ch 848 Re City Equitable Fire Insurance Co Ltd [1925] Ch 407 Re Saunders (A Bankrupt) Bristol and West Building Society v Saunders (1997) CH 60 Tolmie, F (2003) Corporate and Personal Insolvency Law, Psychology Press, p.342 Whalley (Liquidator of MDA Investment Management Ltd) v Doney [2003] EWHC 227 How to cite Introduction and Client Care Issues, Essay examples

Solar Panel Business Project

Question: Discuss about theSolar Panel Business Project. Answer: Introduction The general aim of this project is to evaluate the business of manufacturing of and trading in solar energy panels. Specific objectives included: to undertake a comparative review of the nature of the solar power business in India and Australia, to evaluate the future growth and potential of the solar power business in India, to evaluate the political and legal factors which affect the solar power business, and to evaluate the importance of solar power business in the rural areas. The study made use of both primary and secondary data sources. Secondary sources were used to generate quantitative data touching on: required investment, expected rate of return, capital structure types and financing methods for solar businesses. Financial and accounting techniques was used to analyse the capital structure (debt to equity ratio), and rate of return (return on investment or ROI). Secondary data was also collected for the political and legal aspects of the solar panel business, and analysed using the content analysis method. Data related to the importance of solar panel was based on the attitudes of the consumers. This was collected using primary methods, and specifically the survey method. Structured questionnaires, designed around the 5-point likert scale, will be administered to a sample of 100 solar power consumers selected through the simple random sampling method, and the responses was evaluated using both descriptive statistics and the linear regression method. The findings indicate that the solar power business will yield positive ROIs for both India and Australia, but the returns are likely to be potentially higher in Australia than in India. Therefore, it is recommended that Australia offers the best investment arena for solar power business Data Collection and Analysis Introduction to Data Collection and Analysis To successfully answer the posited research questions and meet the research objectives, secondary and primary data were collected by the researcher. Analysis of the collected data was carried out, on the basis of which the requisite conclusions were derived. The findings made and the analysis done thereof are presented in this chapter. Solar Power Business in India and Australia One of the main questions here was to provide reliable estimates on the quantum of investments required to establish a solar power business in India. Latest estimates from the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission were considered, and the investment breakdown for the typical solar power business (per megawatt) is presented in the table 3.1 below: Item Cost (Rs. lakhs/MW) Percentage of overall cost Solar PVs 310.19 62% Land 25 5% Civil and general works 35 7% Structural works 35 7% Unit for power conditioning (PCU) 30 6% Solar power evacuation costs 40 8% Preliminary and contingency costs 26.13 5% TOTAL INVESTMENT OUTLAY REQUIRED 501.32 100% Source: Irena (2016) It was also found that capital structure refers to the mix of debt and equity which the solar power business can use to finance their assets (Faccio and Xu 2015). It may consist of debt, equity, or retained earnings or a mix of these three. Since debt is typically cheaper than equity, use of more debt should be considered since it is likely to reduce the firms weighted average cost of capital (WACC) and therefore increase the value of the business (Robb and Robinson 2012). Moreover, use of debt helps to generate tax shield savings for the solar business firms (i.e. interest payments are tax deductible) and should therefore be encouraged. This is aligned with a number of capital structure theories, including the net income and Miller Modigliani (MM2) theories (Awan, Rashid and Zia-ur-Rehman 2011). However, high levels of debt may lead to bankruptcy or generate high distress costs for the businesses (Fan, Titman and Twite 2012). Therefore, in line with the trade-off theory, the solar business firms ought to find an optimal structure which maximises on the benefits of using debt, while minimising on the negative effects of using debt (DeAngelo, DeAngelo and Whited 2011). The average proportions of debt and equity in the solar power business capital structure were found to be 75:25 for India while the debt to equity ratio for Australia was found to be 4:1. The various options available to finance the capital structure of the solar power business are summarised in table 3.2 below: DEBT EQUITY RETAINED EARNINGS Debentures Ordinary shares Bonds Preference shares (including cumulative and redeemable preference shares) Loans Redeemable shares Warrants Source: Political and Legal Aspects of the Solar Power Business Document analysis showed that the Indian government generally had supportive policies and frameworks which played an instrumental role in enhancing the expansion of the solar power business in India. Under the National Solar Mission framework, document analysis has shown that the Indian government has stimulated the growth and expansion of solar energy through: offering solar power businesses a raft of tax exemptions, and offering attractive subsidies to solar power businesses (Mnre.gov, 2016). For instance, solar power businesses are allowed to import PV cells on an import-tax free basis. Other policies are focussed on offering incentives targeted at solar power generation and include depreciated income tax benefits of up to 80%. Policies supporting grid-based power allow solar power projects to attract up to 90% subsidy financing. These have reduced the costs for solar power businesses and also helped to provide capital for the business, thus ensuring the development and growth of these businesses. Similarly, document analysis showed that the legal framework in India had been configured to encourage the expansion of the solar power business in India. This legal framework comprised of the Electricity Act, 2003as well as the Energy Conservation Act, 2001(Ministry of Law Justice 2016). Importance of Solar Power Business to Rural Areas Attitudes related to the importance of solar power business in India were solicited from a sample of 100 consumers of solar energy in the country. 73 responses (representing a survey response rate of 73%) were obtained, and the findings are captured in table 3.3 below: Research Question Number of respondents YES NO Has the solar power business aided the growth of rural areas? 51 (69.9%) 22 (30.1%) Does this business help in generating employment opportunities for the people? 53 (72.6%) 20 (27.4%) Has this framework helped in the overall development of the rural areas in both monetary and non-monetary terms? 46 (63%) 27 (37%) Source: author Table 3.3 demonstrates that the majority of the rural dwellers were in agreement that the solar power business was important, insofar as it helped to stimulate growth in the rural areas, generate job opportunities for them, and facilitated monetary and non-monetary growth and development of the rural areas (EAI 2016). Summary of Data Collection and Analysis The findings and analyses presented in the chapter demonstrate that the average investment per MW for the solar power business in India is 5 crores while that in Australia is 9 crores. Rate of return analysis using the ROI as the key metric shows that the solar power business is viable (i.e. positive annual as well as lifetime ROI). The average proportions of debt and equity in the solar power business capital structure were found to be 75:25 for India while the debt to equity ratio for Australia was found to be 4:1. The political and legal environment was also found to be favourable for the solar power business, with the majority of solar power consumers in rural areas in agreement that the solar power business was important, insofar as it helped to stimulate growth in the rural areas, generate job opportunities for them, and facilitated monetary and non-monetary growth and development of the rural areas. Discussion of Results These findings align to the initial hypothesis that solar panel industry in India is still in an infancy stage and a lot many things are still to be discovered. As the table 3.1 shows, a single megawatt of solar power in India would require an investment of 501.32 lakhs (or 5 crore). This translates to 835,533.3 US dollars per megawatt of solar power, and compares favourably with the cost estimate of 4-6 crores given by CFD in the literature review. PV modules account for the bulk of the investment cost (up to 62%) of setting up a solar power business in India. Based on a similar breakdown of investment costs captured in table CSW above, however, it was found that the per MW cost of investing in a solar power business in Australia was much higher compared to India, with VDE giving investment cost estimates of 8-10 crores. With the initial investment costs known, it was possible to compute the expected rate of return for the solar power business in both India and Australia. The expected rate of return can be computed using the return on investment (ROI) metric (Lloret Romero 2011), which by definition is captured by the formula: ROI = (gain from investment investment cost)/investment cost Assuming optimum conditions (i.e. maximum number of sunny days possible in both countries), air mass, irradiation, temperature, and operation and maintenance activities, it was projected, in line with Efficient Carbon (2016) estimates, that each megawatt of installed solar power will generate 1.5 million units per megawatt each year. According to Sharma (2016), solar tariffs in India stand at 5 Rupees per unit. Therefore, each MW generated by a solar power business in India is expected to yield annual revenues of 7,500,000 Rs (or 0.75 crore) (i.e. 1.5m multiplied by Rs 5). The typical solar power module/plant has a useful life of 25 years, and will therefore generate lifetime revenues of 18.75 crore (i.e. 0.75 multiplied by 25). According to Efficient Carbon, average operating and maintenance costs as pegged by the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission were Rs.12.3 lakhs/year/MW for 2014-15. Assuming this shall remain constant over the projects useful life, total OM costs will be 3.075 crore (i.e. 12.3 lakhs multiplied by 25, and then converted into crores at the rate of 1 crore = 100 lakh). The difference between the revenues generated and the OM costs represent the gain from the investment, that is: 0.75-0.123 crores per year or 0.627 crores annually. Over 25 years, the gain will be 18.75 3.075 = 15.675 crores. Accordingly, this yields a lifetime ROI for the solar business in India of: (15.675-5)/5 = 213.5% or 8.52% every year. This is lower than the 15% rate of return projected by SAW. Replicating the same calculations for Australia will yield the ROI for the solar power business in Australia. Electricity cost in Australia averages 27.5 cents per kilowatt-hour (Brakels 2013). This generates total annual revenues of $412, 500 or lifetime revenues of $10,312,500. OM costs were found to range between $18 and $20 over the solar power business lifetime (average of $19) (Arena 2016). Over 25 years, the gain will be $10,312,500 - $19 = $10,312,481 (i.e. 524,118, 600.45 rupees or 52.41 crores). Accordingly, this yields a lifetime ROI for the solar business in India of: (52.41-9)/9 = 482.3% or 19.292% every year. This compares to the average rate of return of 16% earned by Australian solar power firms over the last three years, as per BGF. From the calculations, it is evident that the solar power business will yield positive ROIs for both India and Australia, but the returns are likely to be potentially higher in Australia than in India. Therefore, it is recommended that Australia offers the best investment arena for solar power business. Conclusion and Future Work 1page Conclusion The research sought to evaluate the business of manufacturing of and trading in solar energy panels, with specific objectives including: to undertake a comparative review of solar power business in India and Australia, to evaluate the future growth and potential of the solar power business in India, to evaluate the political and legal factors which affect the solar power business, and to evaluate the importance of solar power business in the rural areas. The research findings indicate that average investment per MW for the solar power business in India is 5 crores while that in Australia is 9 crores. Solar power business in both countries are viable (have positive ROI), with average proportions of debt and equity in the solar power being 75:25 for India and the debt to equity ratio for Australia was found to be 4:1. The political and legal environment was also found to be favourable for the solar power business, with the majority of solar power consumers in rural areas in agreement that the solar power business was important, insofar as it helped to stimulate growth in the rural areas, generate job opportunities for them, and facilitated monetary and non-monetary growth and development of the rural areas. Future Work Even though the research findings presented in this study have a high degree of reliability and validity, a number of limitations have exist, which future studies need to improve on. Firstly, the calculation of the rate of return has been done based on the assumption of constant solar tariffs. In reality, the historical trends have been such that solar tariffs have been declining. This is likely to continue into the future, as the cost of solar energy becomes cheaper due to factors such as technological improvements. Secondly, the calculation has also been based on the assumption of constant OM costs. In reality, due to factors such as inflation, these costs are likely to increase (Efficient Carbon). These assumptions have significant repercussions on the ROI, OM, and other components used to assess the viability of the solar power business, given that solar projects have an average lifespan of 25 years. Consequently, to get more precise estimates, it is proposed that future studies incorporate the time-varying effects of tax, inflation, and changing tariffs in their calculations (Solleder 2013). Moreover, the calculations made have been based on assumptions of optima conditions regarding the number of sunny days, air mass, irradiation, temperature, and operation and maintenance activities. More accurate calculations can be made by considering the actual conditions in both India and Australia, and future studies should look into this. The Reference List APVI 2016, PV in Australia 2014 - APVI. [Available from: https://apvi.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/PV-in-Australia-2014.pdf [ 16 October 2016]. Awan, TN, Rashid, M Zia-ur-Rehman, M 2011, Analysis of the determinants of Capital Structure in sugar and allied industry, International Journal of Business and Social Science,Vol.2, no.1. DeAngelo, H, DeAngelo, L Whited, TM 2011,Capital structure dynamics and transitory debt, Journal of Financial Economics,Vol.99, no.2, pp.235-261. EAI 2016, Central and State Government Solar Policies - EAI.in. Available from: https://www.eai.in/ref/ae/sol/policies.html [16 October 2016]. Efficient Carbon 2016, Frequently Asked Questions on Solar Power, Available from: https://efficientcarbon.com/services/energy/renewable-energy-advisory/frequently-asked-questions [16 October 2016]. Faccio, M Xu, J. (2015) Taxes and capital structure, Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis,Vol.50, no.03, pp.277-300. Fan, JP, Titman, S Twite, G 2012) An international comparison of capital structure and debt maturity choices,Journal of Financial and quantitative Analysis,Vol.47, no.01, pp.23-56. Irena 2016, Renewable Energy Technologies: Cost Analysis Series, Available from: https://www.irena.org/documentdownloads/publications/re_technologies_cost_analysis-csp.pdf [16 October 2016]. Lloret Romero, N 2011, ROI. Measuring the social media return on investment in a library, The Bottom Line,Vol.24, no.2, pp.145-151. Ministry of Law Justice(2016) The Energy Conservation Act, 2001 - Ministry of Law Justice. Available from: https://lawmin.nic.in/ld/P-ACT/2001/The%20Energy%20Conservation%20Act,%202001.pdf [16 October 2016]. Mnre.gov 2016, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy - Scheme / Documents. Mnre.gov.in. Available from: https://www.mnre.gov.in/solar-mission/jnnsm/introduction-2/ [16 October 2016]. Robb, AM Robinson, DT 2012, The capital structure decisions of new firms,Review of Financial Studies, p. hhs072. Sharma, S 2016, Will low solar tariffs hurt Indias sunrise sector? Available from: https://www.livemint.com/Industry/JiaWUtobFnSpiKhmx5P2fI/Will-low-solar-tariffs-hurt-Indias-sunrise-sector.html [16 October 2016]. Solleder, O 2013, Trade effects of export taxes,Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies Working Paper, no.08.

Core Dimensions Job Characteristics Model †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Core Dimensions Job Characteristics Model? Answer: Introducation The five core dimensions of the job characteristics model by Hackman and Oldham are necessary. These include; task identity, skill variety, task significance, autonomy and feedback which are all highly influential on an employee's work outcomes regarding job meaningfulness and satisfaction and responsibility for outcomes(Liere-Netheler, K., Vogelsang, K., Hoppe, U., Steinhser, M., 2017). The successful completion of the Yates-Richmond merger will see employee Scott take a double dose of the responsibilities and duties of an Accounts Payable administrator. The accounts payable administrator is responsible for ensuring company bills are paid on time, bookkeeping and managing financial transactions(Johnson, 2014). Scott will also be responsible for ensuring that by using the appropriate variety of skills, track expenses and process expense reports ascertaining that the transactions for the services offered during the merger are not overcharged. Attention to detail is a critical component in determining task identity skills. The accounts payable administrator will need to show exemplary task identity proficiency especially in preparing and processing of electronic transfers and payments as well as developing an analysis of accounts. The company values will go a long way in motivating Scott to achieve Yates Mission statement. The mission statement is important in creating task significance in that an Scott will be more motivated if he feels that he duties are contributions to a larger cause within the organization. It will also guarantee personal job satisfaction and smooth transitioning of the Yates-Richmond merger. Executing Scott's duties will require him to arrange and schedule his time about the tasks that need to be completed. Tasks and objectives are to be completed in a prioritized manner, and for this to happen, Scott must be free and independent regarding decision making. In other words, he must be autonomous to be effective. He will also be in a position of interaction with a broad range of end users and service providers to the company. This will present an opportunity to get feedback about the services offered. Feedback is essential as it brings about knowledge of results according to Hackman. Since Scott works as both an Accounts payable manager and manages the investment account, it will be overwhelming to perform both duties effectively during the merger properly. Thus, comes the need to recruit one of the interns who will be the new Investment Accounts manager. Investment Accounts Manager Job Description Role- With the aim of expanding into the prime area of Queen Street Richmond, the account manager will ensure that successful and effective creation and management of asset allocations for both individual and corporate clients during the transition of the Yates-Richmond merger. To achieve this, the account manager will either craft the investment packages supplied to the clients or just oversee client transactions and expectations. They must also at all times possess a thorough comprehension of market trends and market conditions and a general economic outlook. Roles and responsibilities The account manager will act as the face of the company in the sense that he/she will be the company's representative offering client communication. The importance of delivering positive customer service cannot be overstated, and it can only be achieved by carefully listening to a client, understanding their needs and determining the appropriate course of action. It is the accounts manager's duty to win clients' repeat business. He/she will be responsible for managing the client's expectations; if disruptions occur, it is crucial for the manager to assess and resolve the situation quickly Prepare and compile the quarterly and annual reports of all transactions conducted in the sales department for the development of the account status reports. The account manager will conduct this duty with the help of an administrative professional, for example, a sales coordinator. Key Result Areas The efficient running of activities in this post will see the following areas experience positive results; Market analysis- The account manager will monitor both the domestic and international economic situations and based on this information assess the impact on investment to ensure the efficient management of portfolio(Miles, 2015). Teamwork Enhancement- By holding colleagues accountable for each others tasks, time and performance quality, employees will find it more effective working as a team and group work effectiveness will be enhanced. Asset management- The manager will, with the support of senior management, head up one or more product lines for example equity or fixed income by introducing an asset management system that will ensure that all personnel and departments are observing the agreed procedures(Satchell, 2016). Recruitment and Selection Plan Step 1- Advertising the position by providing clear highlights of the capabilities needed for the job that is general information, the purpose of position, minimum requirements and essential functions. Step 2- Using a resume screening tool to provide an objective process that will help eliminate unqualified applicants. Step 3- Conducting phone interviews as the 2nd form of screening. The interviews should not exceed 10 minutes. Step 4- Conducting face to face interviews with the use of predetermined questions that focus on the capabilities required for the job. The interview should not exceed 1 hour and should be held in a neutral place such as conference room. Step 5- Conducting potential employee assessment using the predictive index assessment tool to provide an accurate depiction of the potential employee's needs, behaviors, and core drives. Step 6- Secondary face to face interview to sell the position, explain compensation packages and offering the job. Recruitment and Selection Plan ACTIVITY RESPONSIBILITY WEEK 1 WEEK 2 WEEK 3 WEEK 4 Job advertisement Marketing Department Formulating the job description Print media advertising, for example business magazines Social media advertising Conducting word of mouth in networking events Resume screening Human Resource Department Reviewing CVs and Cover Letters Conducting video or Phone interviews Identifying top candidates Review the resumes to select the candidates for interview Face to Face interviews Human Resource Department Behavioral-descriptive question-based interviews Situational-based interviews 2nd interview for elucidating information and affirm prospective cultural fit. Invitation for candidates to meet the team. Final phase Hiring Manager Explaining Remuneration and compensation Offering of employment Hiring of the candidate Onboarding of the candidate Methods of Recruitment The four most popular methods of recruitment are; Job centers that are used for the helping the unemployed get jobs or training and are funded by the government. Job advertisements found in print and online/social media Recruitment agencies that work for a fee to provide employers with details for potential candidates. Word of mouth or personal recommendation such as from a colleague at work. Job advertisements and Word of mouth The advantage of using job advertisements for the recruitment of our candidate was that it was possible for our advertisement to reach a large audience hence increasing the chances of finding the most suitable candidate for the job(Nikolaou, 2014). The personal recommendation also went a long way as some applicants were already employees of the company and needed to climb the corporate ladder. Intern Selection There are several interns selection methods ranging from questionnaires, phone interviews, face to face interviews and aptitude tests. With aid from the supervising manager, a job description was created. The particulars were determined, that is, the timing and length of the internship experience were mapped out. I used questionnaires to find out how much the potential interns knew about the company and aptitude tests to determine their skill levels in particular fields(Rver, 2014). The aptitude tests were conducted face to face to maintain the authenticity of their work. Finally, a supervisor was assigned to each intern for offering close training and support and an intern coordinator was put in place as the link with management. References Johnson, P. (2014). Purchasing and supply management. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Liere-Netheler, K., Vogelsang, K., Hoppe, U., Steinhser, M. (2017). Towards the User: Extending the Job Characteristics Model to Measure Job Satisfaction for ERP Based WorkplacesA Qualitative Approach. Miles, L. (2015). Techniques of value analysis and engineering. Miles Value Foundation. Nikolaou, I. (2014). Social networking web sites in job search and employee recruitment. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 22(2), 179-189. Rver, C. (2014). Testing ESL pragmatics: Development and validation of a web-based assessment battery. Peter Lang. Satchell, S. (2016). Introduction. In Asset Management (pp. 1-8). Springer International Publishing

Essay about Chartism Womens Suffrage and National Political Movement Example For Students

Essay about Chartism: Womens Suffrage and National Political Movement Chartism was a working-class political movement calling for the extension of the franchise that emerged in the mid-1830s. Motivated by a sense of ‘betrayal’ by the actions of the Whig government and the impact of a deep economic depression between 1837 and 1842, it saw political reform as essential if the living and working conditions of working people were to be improved. The power of the spoken and written word played a central role in Chartism and the foremost demagogue of the movement was Feargus O’Connor, whose rhetoric in all its ambiguity and exaggeration was published in his newspaper, The Northern Star. His speech at York, reported in the Star on 6 July 1839, was in favour of a motion that: â€Å"every male adult of the kingdom ought to have a voice in making the laws by which he is governed† and gave voice to the pent-up emotions of a working-class that was denied access to the levers of political or economic power. Your introduction needs to take the form of something like this. It provides a context for the document, identifies the circumstances in which the speech was given and recognises that ambiguity and exaggeration was (and still is) a central feature of political oratory. The problem with what you’ve written is that, although you address the issue of the three explanations for Chartism’s support you do so in a general way and do not focus sufficiently on the source. I would be inclined to divide your piece into five sections: introduction, economic, national political movement and inclusive cultural community and conclusion in which you address the issue of which, if any, is stressed most strongly by the speaker. What you’ve written is a commentary using secondary sources to sustain your argument. You need to be very clear what your argument is and how the source reinforces that argument. The introduction I’ve written is all you need to start. Omit any discussion of Cartwright, his significance was to the period between 1815 and 1820 although the principles he espoused were evident in the Charter. But then the Charter was an expression of radical, mass platform ideology that can be traced back to the mid-eighteenth century. The campaign for democratic reform began around the Battle of Waterloo and fluctuated alongside economic pressure. In 1838, the democratic reform was reborn as ‘Chartism’. Chartism became a national political movement, a group of people working together to achieve a political goal, and was one explanation for the support of Chartism. The creation of the ‘People’s Charter’ (1838), incorporated the principles of Cartwright, proposing all that the poor and working class desperately needed. Chartism gave the people a voice and with that voice, gave the solutions they sought. One answer to people’s woes was addressed by the speaker of the extract, which was, â€Å"a fair day’s wage for a fair day’s work†. FLOW The motion favoured at this meeting was Universal male suffrage – i.e. all adult males over 21, of ‘sound mind’not undergoing punishment for crime, should have the vote’. QUOTE ASS BOOKLET Althou gh this was a radical step, they omitted to go above the hierarchical nature of British society at the time and include the vote for women. Women, ‘seldom spoke on public platforms’ (Thompson, 1984, pp 120-1, RB, pg 39), however, Lovett, amongst other Chartists, were in agreement that women should have the vote. There are two separate economic issues within Chartism though O’Connor and addresses both. First, there was the issue of the ‘Old Corruption’, a radical concept that can be traced back to the 1810s that focused especially on the inequities of taxation, jobbery and trade burdened by tariffs that particularly impacted on the working-class. Chartism sought to address the privileging of the interests of the rich over those of the poor. Secondly, there was the specific issue of the economic depression in the 1830s and the ‘destitution’ it caused that acted as the ‘trigger’ for protest after 1838. .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44 , .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44 .postImageUrl , .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44 , .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44:hover , .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44:visited , .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44:active { border:0!important; } .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44:active , .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44 .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uecf38dc0216c8260b0b802d53a4cec44:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Women's Suffrage and National Political MovementThe critical issue is what did the speaker meant by an ‘inclusive cultural community’. Although women’s suffrage was an issue for some Chartists, it had largely been side-lined by 1839. The critical division within Chartism was between the inclusive radicalism of O’Connor and the exclusive artisanal radicalism of William Lovett: while both O’Connor and Lovett wanted universal manhood suffrage, Lovett was prepared to accept that the working-class would be enfranchised gradually while O’Connor saw the working-class as a unity to be given the vote all at the same time.I‘ve appended a Kindle version of my recent book Sex, Work and Politics: Women in Britain 1830-1918 that includes a section on Chartism. You can download the Kindle app on your computer and then click on the file and it’ll end up on the app. I agree that you’ve adopted a 21st century view. Excluded Archaic language = elevated (him that liveth forever) EPIC SPEECH. the passionate way in which the speaker delivers the contrasting lifestyles of both the working class and the rich emphasises the impact of economic pressure. This is re-enforced by, â€Å"The rhetoric of Chartism was steeped in Christianity: as Ernest Jones put it in 1850, ‘Christ was the first Chartist, and Democracy is the gospel carried into practice’ (p. 338) The audience were caused to feel an array of different emotions, as did I, throughout the extract, with his comparisons. The men of the audience are addressed as, ‘brethren’, men of a male religious order. By creating contrasting religious imagery to that of Parliament being, ‘unnaturally elevated’ and them building their own ‘Established Churchbuilt in injusticenurtured in blood’, he portrays the audience as innocents opposed to those in power being of an evil force. By the Chartist speaker giving the movement a shared religious interest, incorporating the economic situation, I believe that this extract, together with the evidence found; both the economic pressure and national political movement go ‘hand in hand’ when it comes to strongly supporting the Chartist movement.